「国際共同声明を読み込む講座 II」第1回

G7/8の共同声明ができるまで

• 国内 – 外務省内の体制づくり – 各省庁への照会 – 日本としての案の形成
• メンバー国 – ホスト国の主導 – ホスト国からの照会
• シェルパによる調整
• 分野別会合からのインプット 本日のワークショップの段取り
• 共同声明の目次づくり – 外務省の担当責任者になったつもりでドラフトを – 世界情勢を考えながら。。。 – どんなテーマを含めるか – グループ内でディスカッション
• 個別分野でのすすめ方 – あなたはドラフトの担当責任者。 – とりあげるトピックについて、自分なりの考えを持つ。 – 盛り込む単語、表現、削除することの理由/論理を考える。 – 正解はない!自分なりの考えを持つことが大切。 – 今回は、すでにあるテキストの趣旨や背景をいかに読み取るかの実 践。次回以降、表現をめぐる交渉のプロセスに触れて行く予定。

(参考)「ブラッセルG7サミット宣言」の目次
• (1)前文
• (2)グローバル経済(Global Economy)
• (3)エネルギー(Energy)
• (4)気候変動(Climate Change)
• (5)開発(Development)
• (6)ウクライナ(Ukraine)
• (7)シリア(Syria)
• (8)リビア(Libya)
• (9)マリと中央アフリカ共和国(Mali and Central African Republic)
• (10)イラン(Iran)
• (11)北朝鮮(North Korea)
• (12)中東和平交渉(Middle East Peace Process)
• (13)アフガニスタン(Afghanistan)
• (14)海上航行と航空(MariPme NavigaPon and AviaPon)
• (15)その他(Other issues) 本日のワークショップの段取り

共同声明の目次づくり

• 本日取り上げるテーマ – 前文(練習)
・どのような点に「アンテナ」を張るのか
★使われている単語/表現
★名宛人(誰に対するメッセージと読むか)
★過去の表現との違い(挿入/削除)
・思考プロセス(問題点発掘パターン)に触れる

前文

a) We, the Leaders of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission, met in Brussels on 4 and 5 June 2014.(2013年は”As leaders of G8, we…”)
b) This Group came together because of shared beliefs and shared responsibiliPes. We are profoundly commi]ed to the values of freedom and democracy, and their universality and to fostering peace and security. (2013年にはないパラグラフ)
c) We believe in open economies, open sociePes and open governments, including respect for human rights and the rule of law, as the basis for lasPng growth and stability. (昨年は、”including respect for human rights and the rule of law”はない)

前文

a) For nearly forty years, we have shown through our acPons that collecPve will can be a powerful catalyst for progress. (このセンテンスはないと困るか?)
b) Our efforts to address major global challenges have also been guided by a commitment to transparency, accountability and partnership with other concerned members of the internaPonal community. (このセンテンスは来年も入れるか?)
c) We remain bound together as a group by these values and this vision. Guided by these shared values and principles, we will conPnue to work together to meet the challenges of our Pmes.(このセンテンスを入れる意図は?ないと困るか?)
d) We thank the European Union for hosPng this Summit and welcome Germany’s Presidency.(前回にはない表現だが。。。)

本日のワークショップの段取り 1

• 共同声明の目次づくり

• 本日取り上げるテーマ
– 前文(練習)
– グローバル経済(Global Economy)

グローバル経済(Global Economy)

3) a) We will take further steps to support strong, sustainable and balanced growth, with a common goal of increasing the resilience of our economies. We will present ambiPous and comprehensive growth strategies at the G20 Summit in Brisbane, to include acPon across a broad front including in the areas of investment, small and medium enterprises, employment and parPcipaPon of women, and trade and innovaPon, in addiPon to macroeconomic policies.
b) We will conPnue to implement our fiscal strategies flexibly to take into account near-term economic condiPons, so as to support economic growth and job creaPon, while pufng debt as a share of GDP on a sustainable path. (2013年には”medium-term fiscal sustainability”があったが。。。) グローバル経済(Global Economy)
4) a) We agreed that 2014 will be the year in which we focus on substanPally complePng key aspects of the core financial reforms that we undertook in response to the global financial crisis: building resilient financial insPtuPons; ending too-big-to-fail; addressing shadow banking risks; and making derivaPves markets safer. We remain commi]ed to the agreed G20 roadmap for work on relevant shadow banking acPviPes with clear deadlines and acPons to progress rapidly towards strengthened and comprehensive oversight and regulaPon appropriate to the systemic risks posed. We will remain vigilant in the face of global risk and vulnerabiliPes.
a) And we remain commi]ed to tackling tax avoidance including through the G20/ OrganisaPon of Economic CooperaPon and Development (OECD) Base Erosion and Profit Shiiing AcPon Plan as set out in the agreed Pmetable, and tax evasion, where we look forward to the rapid implementaPon of the new single global standard for automaPc exchange of tax informaPon. We call on all jurisdicPons to take similar acPon.(前回は” We call on all jurisdicPons to adopt … at the earliest opportunity”となっていたが。。。)

本日のワークショップの段取り 2

• 共同声明の目次づくり
• 本日取り上げるテーマ – 前文(練習)
– グローバル経済(Global Economy)
– エネルギー(Energy)

エネルギー(Energy)

6) a) The use of energy supplies as a means of poliPcal coercion or as a threat to security is unacceptable.(このセンテンスは参加者のどういった意図があるか?)
b) The crisis in Ukraine makes plain that energy security must be at the centre of our collecPve agenda and requires a step change to our approach to diversifying energy supplies and modernising our energy infrastructure. (”diversifying energy supplies”, “modernising our energy infrastructure”が言及された意図/背景は?)
c) Under the Rome G7 Energy IniPaPve, we will idenPfy and implement concrete domesPc policies by each of our governments separately and together, to build a more compePPve, diversified, resilient and low-carbon energy system. This work will be based on the core principles agreed by our Ministers of Energy on May 5-6 2014, in Rome:

本日のワークショップの段取り 3

• 共同声明の目次づくり
• 本日取り上げるテーマ
– 前文(練習)
– グローバル経済(Global Economy)
– エネルギー(Energy)
– 開発(Development)

開発(Development)

19) a) We will conPnue to work to tackle tax evasion and illicit flows of finance, including by supporPng developing countries to strengthen their tax base and help create stable and sustainable states. (途上国がなにを主張していると考えられるか?)
b) We renew our commitment to deny …(中略), and other crimes, ensuring that beneficial ownership informaPon is available in a Pmely fashion to financial intelligence units, tax collecPon and law enforcement agencies, …(中略)and other relevant internaPonal standards and our naPonal acPon plans in line with the principles we agreed at Lough Erne. Greater transparency in this area will help developing countries.(最後のセンテンスが言及された意図/背景は?)

本日のワークショップの段取り 4

• 共同声明の目次づくり
• 本日取り上げるテーマ
– 前文(練習)
– グローバル経済(Global Economy)
– エネルギー(Energy)
– 開発(Development)
– ウクライナ(Ukraine)

ウクライナ(Ukraine)

24) a) We welcome the successful conduct under difficult circumstances of the elecPon in Ukraine on 25 May. The strong voter turnout underlined the determinaPon of Ukraine’s ciPzens to determine the future of their country. We welcome Petro Poroshenko as the Presidentelect of Ukraine and commend him for reaching out to all the people of Ukraine. (commend以下のセンテンスが挿入されている背景/意図は?)
27) a) We are united in condemning the Russian FederaPon’s conPnuing violaPon of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine. Russia’s illegal annexaPon of Crimea, and acPons to de-stabilise eastern Ukraine are unacceptable and must stop. These acPons violate fundamental principles of internaPonal law (とは?) and should be a concern for all naPons. (最後のセンテンスが言及された意図/背景は?)
ウクライナ (Ukraine) 28) a) We stand ready to intensify targeted sancPons and to implement significant addiPonal restricPve measures to impose further costs on Russia should events so require. (最後のセンテンスが挿入されている背景/意図は?)

本日のワークショップの段取り 5

• 共同声明の目次づくり
• 本日取り上げるテーマ
– 前文(練習)
– グローバル経済(Global Economy)
– エネルギー(Energy)
– 開発(Development)
– ウクライナ(Ukraine)
– 北朝鮮(North Korea)

北朝鮮(North Korea)

36) a) We strongly condemn (2013年は”remain deeply concerned about”) North Korea’s conPnued development of its nuclear and ballisPc missile programmes.
b) We call on the internaPonal community to implement fully UN sancPons. We reiterate our grave concerns over the ongoing systemaPc, widespread and gross human rights violaPons in North Korea documented in the report of the UN Commission of Inquiry, and urge North Korea to take immediate steps to address these violaPons, including on the abducPons issue, and cooperate fully with all relevant UN bodies. We conPnue to work to advance accountability for North Korea‘s serious human rights violaPons. (日本の意向(拉致問題)は十分反映されているか?自分なら日本政府に何点をつけるか?)

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